The greatest asset of the 4-2-5 is its flexibility and that comes in handy when defending 11's personnel.
In my eyes, there are three basic 11's personnel formations you will see:
#1. Pro Ace
#2. Pro Trips Ace
#3. Pro Trey Ace
Of course there are plenty of variations with receiver and back alignment, shotgun, pistol and other looks, but we'll stick with those three.
To simplify things, I will line up and play base defense in one of two ways:
#1. If I want to stop teams that run predominantly to the TE side, I will play an Under front and Cover 3.
#2. If I want to stop a strong passing attack, I will play an Over front and Cover 4.
Easy enough?
Let's assume we are in the middle of the field
We'll start with what I call Pro Ace.
We call our Over front "Tight", which tells our (M)ike LB to set the front strength to the TE side. Across the front, we are in a 6i, 3, 1 and 5. The (F)ree Safety will set the secondary strength to the passing strength, so he will make a "Right" call here. Both our F and (W)eak Safety will make a check to their side based on their rules. With a #2 detached to the free side, we make a "Read" call and play 2-Read. With 1-back and 1-WR to the weak side, we make a "Read" call and play 2-Read.
When we play Cover 3, we set the secondary strength to the TE side when one is present. This allows us to put our $, who is usually the better run defender out of him and the W, to the TE side. He is usually a better player for us at playing on a TE as well. We play Cover 3 with similar rules to Saban's Rip/Liz, with some notable differences, but our $ and W will carry the vertical of #2 until #1 comes shallow. Our F splits the #2's (here, the TE and slot WR) and plays high hole.
Moving on to Pro Trips Ace...
We use automatic trips checks for different formations. I won't signal in that we are going to play Special Sky, we will just game plan it that way. I just signal in we are playing Cover 4 here. Again, we are in an Over front and the F is setting the secondary strength to the 3 WR side. We run Special by playing man-to-man on #3 and playing 2-Read to #2 and #1. On the weak side, we play Sky.
Again, when we play Cover 3, we will set the secondary strength to the TE and our F will adjust if he needs to. We are in "Split Tough" (Under) up. Our F is now taking the vertical of #3 to #2, the W is carrying #2 vertical and our (C)orner has the vertical of #1.

